The
myth of church-state separation
August 30, 2003
Recently I have discussed
the issues involved in the controversy surrounding Alabama Chief
Justice Roy Moore. Before finally leaving the subject, I want
to address this nettlesome notion of the separation of church
and state.
Often the sword of
separation is used to smother, rather than promote religious liberty.
There is nothing in the Constitution mandating a separation of
church and state. (The phrase originated in a letter from Thomas
Jefferson.) When you hear people talking about the supposed "separation
of church and state," what they usually mean is "The
Establishment Clause of the First Amendment requires a separation."
But it doesn't.
Aside from the fact
that the Establishment Clause has been erroneously extended to
apply to the states as well as Congress, let's look how far the
scope of "establishment" has been stretched on both
the state and federal levels. It's darn near criminal.
The Framers meant
that Congress couldn't establish a national church. They did not
intend to forbid every little activity on government property
or partially funded by the government. Justice Moore's monument
flap is just the tip of the iceberg.
The courts are using
the Establishment Clause to scrub Christianity entirely from the
public square, including public schools. Their restrictions on
religious freedom in schools illustrate the obscene extremes to
which the law has been extended.
The separationists
contend that public schools, because they are funded by federal
and state money, cannot engage in activities that are deemed an
endorsement of a religion. Just the slightest nod toward a religion
will be enough to trigger an Establishment Clause violation.
Consider the case
in which public high school students held their own two-step election,
first, to decide whether a student address, possibly containing
a prayer, could be delivered at a football game, and second, which
student would deliver it. The Supreme Court ruled, in effect,
that just by permitting such an election the state was violating
the Establishment Clause.
Now seriously, just
how far do we have to suspend our disbelief to conclude that the
Framers intended to prohibit such an election merely facilitated
-- not initiated -- by a public school?
Well, first we have
to ignore that the First Amendment restricted the federal Congress
only. Second, we have to disregard that it also prohibited Congress
from intruding on the states' right to establish religion if they
so chose. Third, we have to assume that a local school, which
happens to receive funding from both the state and federal governments,
is deemed to be an extension of those governments, keeping in
mind that there were no such government funded and controlled
schools at the time of the nation's founding.
Fourth, we have to
find that the students' voluntary action to elect a speaker to
deliver a statement that might or might not contain a prayer,
with no involvement from the school beyond permitting the election,
should be imputed to the state or federal governments -- as if
they are the ones choosing to say the prayer.
Fifth, we have to
conclude that the reading of the prayer itself is tantamount to
establishing a federal or state religion -- notwithstanding that
there are thousands of other government-run schools throughout
the United States that would be completely unaffected by the prayer
and no other part of the nation would be affected by it. (How
can we conclude that a single public school in a single community
in a single state, by merely permitting and not encouraging its
students to choose, on their own, to read a prayer at a football
game, constitutes the establishment of a particular denomination
as the national or state religion?)
Sixth, we have to
assume that you can ignore all these obstacles, even though in
the very process you are emasculating that other critically important
religion clause of the First Amendment, the Free Exercise Clause,
which also guarantees our religious liberty.
By precluding the
student-led prayer through these outrageous legal fictions and
convoluted reasoning, the Court sanctioned the school's encroachment
on the freedom of students to worship as they pleased -- thwarting
the very purpose of both First Amendment religion clauses.
The point here is
not that it is desirable for the government to endorse religious
activities. Rather it is that courts have made the law up as they've
gone along, completing mucking up Establishment Clause jurisprudence,
and, in the name of protecting religious freedom, have greatly
suppressed it.
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